<?php
/**
 * Copyright 2015 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

namespace Google\Cloud\Core;

use Google\Auth\FetchAuthTokenCache;
use Google\Auth\FetchAuthTokenInterface;
use Google\Auth\GetQuotaProjectInterface;
use Google\Auth\GetUniverseDomainInterface;
use Google\Auth\HttpHandler\Guzzle6HttpHandler;
use Google\Auth\HttpHandler\HttpHandlerFactory;
use Google\Auth\UpdateMetadataInterface;
use Google\Cloud\Core\Exception\ServiceException;
use Google\Cloud\Core\RequestWrapperTrait;
use Google\Cloud\Core\Exception\GoogleException;
use GuzzleHttp\Exception\RequestException;
use GuzzleHttp\Promise\PromiseInterface;
use GuzzleHttp\Psr7\Utils;
use Psr\Http\Message\RequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\StreamInterface;

/**
 * The RequestWrapper is responsible for delivering and signing requests.
 */
class RequestWrapper
{
    use RequestWrapperTrait;
    use RetryDeciderTrait;

    /**
     * @var string|null The current version of the component from which the request
     * originated.
     */
    private $componentVersion;

    /**
     * @var string|null Access token used to sign requests.
     */
    private $accessToken;

    /**
     * @var callable A handler used to deliver PSR-7 requests specifically for
     * authentication.
     */
    private $authHttpHandler;

    /**
     * @var callable A handler used to deliver PSR-7 requests.
     */
    private $httpHandler;

    /**
     * @var callable A handler used to deliver PSR-7 requests asynchronously.
     */
    private $asyncHttpHandler;

    /**
     * @var array HTTP client specific configuration options.
     */
    private $restOptions;

    /**
     * @var bool Whether to enable request signing.
     */
    private $shouldSignRequest;

    /**
     * @var callable Sets the conditions for whether or not a
     * request should attempt to retry.
     */
    private $retryFunction;

    /**
     * @var callable Executes a delay.
     */
    private $delayFunction;

    /**
     * @var callable|null Sets the conditions for determining how long to wait
     * between attempts to retry.
     */
    private $calcDelayFunction;

    /**
     * @var string The universe domain to verify against the credentials.
     */
    private string $universeDomain;

    /**
     * @var bool Ensure we only check the universe domain once.
     */
    private bool $hasCheckedUniverse = false;

    /**
     * @param array $config [optional] {
     *     Configuration options. Please see
     *     {@see \Google\Cloud\Core\RequestWrapperTrait::setCommonDefaults()} for
     *     the other available options.
     *
     *     @type string $componentVersion The current version of the component from
     *           which the request originated.
     *     @type string $accessToken Access token used to sign requests.
     *           Deprecated: This option is no longer supported. Use the `$credentialsFetcher` option instead.
     *     @type callable $asyncHttpHandler *Experimental* A handler used to
     *           deliver PSR-7 requests asynchronously. Function signature should match:
     *           `function (RequestInterface $request, array $options = []) : PromiseInterface<ResponseInterface>`.
     *     @type callable $authHttpHandler A handler used to deliver PSR-7
     *           requests specifically for authentication. Function signature
     *           should match:
     *           `function (RequestInterface $request, array $options = []) : ResponseInterface`.
     *     @type callable $httpHandler A handler used to deliver PSR-7 requests.
     *           Function signature should match:
     *           `function (RequestInterface $request, array $options = []) : ResponseInterface`.
     *     @type array $restOptions HTTP client specific configuration options.
     *     @type bool $shouldSignRequest Whether to enable request signing.
     *     @type callable $restRetryFunction Sets the conditions for whether or
     *           not a request should attempt to retry. Function signature should
     *           match: `function (\Exception $ex) : bool`.
     *     @type callable $restDelayFunction Executes a delay, defaults to
     *           utilizing `usleep`. Function signature should match:
     *           `function (int $delay) : void`.
     *     @type callable $restCalcDelayFunction Sets the conditions for
     *           determining how long to wait between attempts to retry. Function
     *           signature should match: `function (int $attempt) : int`.
     *     @type string $universeDomain The expected universe of the credentials. Defaults to "googleapis.com".
     * }
     */
    public function __construct(array $config = [])
    {
        $this->setCommonDefaults($config);
        $config += [
            'accessToken' => null,
            'asyncHttpHandler' => null,
            'authHttpHandler' => null,
            'httpHandler' => null,
            'restOptions' => [],
            'shouldSignRequest' => true,
            'componentVersion' => null,
            'restRetryFunction' => null,
            'restDelayFunction' => null,
            'restCalcDelayFunction' => null,
            'universeDomain' => GetUniverseDomainInterface::DEFAULT_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN,
        ];

        $this->componentVersion = $config['componentVersion'];
        $this->accessToken = $config['accessToken'];
        $this->restOptions = $config['restOptions'];
        $this->shouldSignRequest = $config['shouldSignRequest'];
        $this->retryFunction = $config['restRetryFunction'] ?: $this->getRetryFunction();
        $this->delayFunction = $config['restDelayFunction'] ?: function ($delay) {
            usleep($delay);
        };
        $this->calcDelayFunction = $config['restCalcDelayFunction'];
        $this->httpHandler = $config['httpHandler'] ?: HttpHandlerFactory::build();
        $this->authHttpHandler = $config['authHttpHandler'] ?: $this->httpHandler;
        $this->asyncHttpHandler = $config['asyncHttpHandler'] ?: $this->buildDefaultAsyncHandler();
        $this->universeDomain = $config['universeDomain'];

        if ($this->credentialsFetcher instanceof AnonymousCredentials) {
            $this->shouldSignRequest = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Deliver the request.
     *
     * @param RequestInterface $request A PSR-7 request.
     * @param array $options [optional] {
     *     Request options.
     *
     *     @type float $requestTimeout Seconds to wait before timing out the
     *           request. **Defaults to** `0`.
     *     @type int $retries Number of retries for a failed request.
     *           **Defaults to** `3`.
     *     @type callable $restRetryFunction Sets the conditions for whether or
     *           not a request should attempt to retry. Function signature should
     *           match: `function (\Exception $ex) : bool`.
     *     @type callable $restRetryListener Runs after the restRetryFunction.
     *           This might be used to simply consume the exception and
     *           $arguments b/w retries. This returns the new $arguments thus
     *           allowing modification on demand for $arguments. For ex:
     *           changing the headers in b/w retries.
     *     @type callable $restDelayFunction Executes a delay, defaults to
     *           utilizing `usleep`. Function signature should match:
     *           `function (int $delay) : void`.
     *     @type callable $restCalcDelayFunction Sets the conditions for
     *           determining how long to wait between attempts to retry. Function
     *           signature should match: `function (int $attempt) : int`.
     *     @type array $restOptions HTTP client specific configuration options.
     * }
     * @return ResponseInterface
     * @throws ServiceException
     */
    public function send(RequestInterface $request, array $options = [])
    {
        $retryOptions = $this->getRetryOptions($options);
        $backoff = new ExponentialBackoff(
            $retryOptions['retries'],
            $retryOptions['retryFunction'],
            $retryOptions['retryListener'],
        );

        if ($retryOptions['delayFunction']) {
            $backoff->setDelayFunction($retryOptions['delayFunction']);
        }

        if ($retryOptions['calcDelayFunction']) {
            $backoff->setCalcDelayFunction($retryOptions['calcDelayFunction']);
        }

        try {
            return $backoff->execute($this->httpHandler, [
                $this->applyHeaders($request, $options),
                $this->getRequestOptions($options)
            ]);
        } catch (\Exception $ex) {
            throw $this->convertToGoogleException($ex);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Deliver the request asynchronously.
     *
     * @param RequestInterface $request A PSR-7 request.
     * @param array $options [optional] {
     *     Request options.
     *
     *     @type float $requestTimeout Seconds to wait before timing out the
     *           request. **Defaults to** `0`.
     *     @type int $retries Number of retries for a failed request.
     *           **Defaults to** `3`.
     *     @type callable $restRetryFunction Sets the conditions for whether or
     *           not a request should attempt to retry. Function signature should
     *           match: `function (\Exception $ex, int $retryAttempt) : bool`.
     *     @type callable $restDelayFunction Executes a delay, defaults to
     *           utilizing `usleep`. Function signature should match:
     *           `function (int $delay) : void`.
     *     @type callable $restCalcDelayFunction Sets the conditions for
     *           determining how long to wait between attempts to retry. Function
     *           signature should match: `function (int $attempt) : int`.
     *     @type array $restOptions HTTP client specific configuration options.
     * }
     * @return PromiseInterface<ResponseInterface>
     * @throws ServiceException
     * @experimental The experimental flag means that while we believe this method
     *      or class is ready for use, it may change before release in backwards-
     *      incompatible ways. Please use with caution, and test thoroughly when
     *      upgrading.
     */
    public function sendAsync(RequestInterface $request, array $options = [])
    {
        // Unfortunately, the current ExponentialBackoff implementation doesn't
        // play nicely with promises.
        $retryAttempt = 0;
        $fn = function ($retryAttempt) use (&$fn, $request, $options) {
            $asyncHttpHandler = $this->asyncHttpHandler;
            $retryOptions = $this->getRetryOptions($options);
            if (!$retryOptions['calcDelayFunction']) {
                $retryOptions['calcDelayFunction'] = [ExponentialBackoff::class, 'calculateDelay'];
            }

            return $asyncHttpHandler(
                $this->applyHeaders($request, $options),
                $this->getRequestOptions($options)
            )->then(null, function (\Exception $ex) use ($fn, $retryAttempt, $retryOptions) {
                $shouldRetry = $retryOptions['retryFunction']($ex, $retryAttempt);

                if ($shouldRetry === false || $retryAttempt >= $retryOptions['retries']) {
                    throw $this->convertToGoogleException($ex);
                }

                $delay = $retryOptions['calcDelayFunction']($retryAttempt);
                $retryOptions['delayFunction']($delay);
                $retryAttempt++;

                return $fn($retryAttempt);
            });
        };

        return $fn($retryAttempt);
    }

    /**
     * Applies headers to the request.
     *
     * @param RequestInterface $request A PSR-7 request.
     * @param array $options
     * @return RequestInterface
     */
    private function applyHeaders(RequestInterface $request, array $options = [])
    {
        $headers = [
            'User-Agent' => 'gcloud-php/' . $this->componentVersion,
            Retry::RETRY_HEADER_KEY => sprintf(
                'gl-php/%s gccl/%s',
                PHP_VERSION,
                $this->componentVersion
            ),
        ];

        if (isset($options['retryHeaders'])) {
            $headers[Retry::RETRY_HEADER_KEY] = sprintf(
                '%s %s',
                $headers[Retry::RETRY_HEADER_KEY],
                implode(' ', $options['retryHeaders'])
            );
            unset($options['retryHeaders']);
        }

        $request = Utils::modifyRequest($request, ['set_headers' => $headers]);

        if ($this->shouldSignRequest) {
            $quotaProject = $this->quotaProject;

            if ($this->accessToken) {
                // if an access token is provided, check the universe domain against "googleapis.com"
                $this->checkUniverseDomain(null);
                $request = $request->withHeader('authorization', 'Bearer ' . $this->accessToken);
            } else {
                // if a credentials fetcher is provided, check the universe domain against the
                // credential's universe domain
                $credentialsFetcher = $this->getCredentialsFetcher();
                $this->checkUniverseDomain($credentialsFetcher);
                $request = $this->addAuthHeaders($request, $credentialsFetcher);

                if ($credentialsFetcher instanceof GetQuotaProjectInterface) {
                    $quotaProject = $credentialsFetcher->getQuotaProject();
                }
            }

            if ($quotaProject) {
                $request = $request->withHeader('X-Goog-User-Project', $quotaProject);
            }
        } else {
            // If we are not signing the request, check the universe domain against "googleapis.com"
            $this->checkUniverseDomain(null);
        }

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * Adds auth headers to the request.
     *
     * @param RequestInterface $request
     * @param FetchAuthTokenInterface $fetcher
     * @return array
     * @throws ServiceException
     */
    private function addAuthHeaders(RequestInterface $request, FetchAuthTokenInterface $fetcher)
    {
        $backoff = new ExponentialBackoff($this->retries, $this->getRetryFunction());

        try {
            return $backoff->execute(
                function () use ($request, $fetcher) {
                    if (!$fetcher instanceof UpdateMetadataInterface ||
                         ($fetcher instanceof FetchAuthTokenCache &&
                            !$fetcher->getFetcher() instanceof UpdateMetadataInterface
                         )
                    ) {
                        // This covers an edge case where the token fetcher does not implement UpdateMetadataInterface,
                        // which only would happen if a user implemented a custom fetcher
                        if ($token = $fetcher->fetchAuthToken($this->authHttpHandler)) {
                            return $request->withHeader('authorization', 'Bearer ' . $token['access_token']);
                        }
                    } else {
                        $headers = $fetcher->updateMetadata($request->getHeaders(), null, $this->authHttpHandler);
                        return Utils::modifyRequest($request, ['set_headers' => $headers]);
                    }

                    // As we do not know the reason the credentials fetcher could not fetch the
                    // token, we should not retry.
                    throw new \RuntimeException('Unable to fetch token');
                }
            );
        } catch (\Exception $ex) {
            throw $this->convertToGoogleException($ex);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Convert any exception to a Google Exception.
     *
     * @param \Exception $ex
     * @return Exception\ServiceException
     */
    private function convertToGoogleException(\Exception $ex)
    {
        switch ($ex->getCode()) {
            case 400:
                $exception = Exception\BadRequestException::class;
                break;

            case 404:
                $exception = Exception\NotFoundException::class;
                break;

            case 409:
                $exception = Exception\ConflictException::class;
                break;

            case 412:
                $exception = Exception\FailedPreconditionException::class;
                break;

            case 500:
                $exception = Exception\ServerException::class;
                break;

            case 504:
                $exception = Exception\DeadlineExceededException::class;
                break;

            default:
                $exception = Exception\ServiceException::class;
                break;
        }

        return new $exception($this->getExceptionMessage($ex), $ex->getCode(), $ex);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the exception message.
     *
     * @access private
     * @param \Exception $ex
     * @return string
     */
    private function getExceptionMessage(\Exception $ex)
    {
        if ($ex instanceof RequestException && $ex->hasResponse()) {
            return (string) $ex->getResponse()->getBody();
        }

        return $ex->getMessage();
    }

    /**
     * Gets a set of request options.
     *
     * @param array $options
     * @return array
     */
    private function getRequestOptions(array $options)
    {
        $restOptions = $options['restOptions'] ?? $this->restOptions;
        $timeout = $options['requestTimeout'] ?? $this->requestTimeout;

        if ($timeout && !array_key_exists('timeout', $restOptions)) {
            $restOptions['timeout'] = $timeout;
        }

        return $restOptions;
    }

    /**
     * Gets a set of retry options.
     *
     * @param array $options
     * @return array
     */
    private function getRetryOptions(array $options)
    {
        return [
            'retries' => isset($options['retries'])
                ? $options['retries']
                : $this->retries,
            'retryFunction' => isset($options['restRetryFunction'])
                ? $options['restRetryFunction']
                : $this->retryFunction,
            'retryListener' => isset($options['restRetryListener'])
                ? $options['restRetryListener']
                : null,
            'delayFunction' => isset($options['restDelayFunction'])
                ? $options['restDelayFunction']
                : $this->delayFunction,
            'calcDelayFunction' => isset($options['restCalcDelayFunction'])
                ? $options['restCalcDelayFunction']
                : $this->calcDelayFunction
        ];
    }

    /**
     * Builds the default async HTTP handler.
     *
     * @return callable
     */
    private function buildDefaultAsyncHandler()
    {
        return $this->httpHandler instanceof Guzzle6HttpHandler
            ? [$this->httpHandler, 'async']
            : [HttpHandlerFactory::build(), 'async'];
    }

    /**
     * Verify that the expected universe domain matches the universe domain from the credentials.
     */
    private function checkUniverseDomain(FetchAuthTokenInterface $credentialsFetcher = null)
    {
        if (false === $this->hasCheckedUniverse) {
            if ($this->universeDomain === '') {
                throw new GoogleException('The universe domain cannot be empty.');
            }
            if (is_null($credentialsFetcher)) {
                if ($this->universeDomain !== GetUniverseDomainInterface::DEFAULT_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN) {
                    throw new GoogleException(sprintf(
                        'The accessToken option is not supported outside of the default universe domain (%s).',
                        GetUniverseDomainInterface::DEFAULT_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN
                    ));
                }
            } else {
                $credentialsUniverse = $credentialsFetcher instanceof GetUniverseDomainInterface
                    ? $credentialsFetcher->getUniverseDomain()
                    : GetUniverseDomainInterface::DEFAULT_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN;
                if ($credentialsUniverse !== $this->universeDomain) {
                    throw new GoogleException(sprintf(
                        'The configured universe domain (%s) does not match the credential universe domain (%s)',
                        $this->universeDomain,
                        $credentialsUniverse
                    ));
                }
            }
            $this->hasCheckedUniverse = true;
        }
    }
}
